Selectors-Child Filter

 

一、:first-child Selector

選擇第一個子元素。

如下範例中,在<div>元素底下選擇第一個子元素<p>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.0.0.js"></script>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <p>aaa</p>
        <p>bbb</p>
        <p>ccc</p>
    </div>

    <div>
        <p>aaa</p>
        <p>bbb</p>
        <p>ccc</p>
    </div>

    <script>
        $("div p:first-child").css("color", "red");
    </script>
</body>
</html>

 

二、:first-of-type Selector

在每一組父子元素中,選出所指定元素的第一個。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.0.0.js"></script>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <p>aaa</p>
        <p>bbb</p>
        <p>ccc</p>
    </div>

    <div>
        <span>aaa</span>
        <p>bbb</p>
        <p>ccc</p>
    </div>

    <script>
        $("p:first-of-type").css("color", "red");
    </script>
</body>
</html>

 

三、:last-child Selector

選擇最後一個子元素。

 

四、:last-of-type Selector

在每一組父子元素中,選出所指定元素的最後一個。

 

五、:nth-child() Selector

在每一組父子元素中,選擇第n個子元素(one-based)。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.0.0.js"></script>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <p>aaa</p>
        <p>bbb</p>
        <p>ccc</p>
    </div>

    <div>
        <span>aaa</span>
        <p>bbb</p>
        <p>ccc</p>
    </div>

    <script>
        $("p:nth-child(2)").css("color", "red");
    </script>
</body>
</html>

 

六、:nth-last-child() Selector

從後面數起,選擇第n個子元素(one-based)。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.0.0.js"></script>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <p>aaa</p>
        <p>bbb</p>
        <p>ccc</p>
        <p>ddd</p>
    </div>

    <div>
        <span>aaa</span>
        <p>bbb</p>
        <p>ccc</p>
        <p>ddd</p>
    </div>

    <script>
        $("p:nth-last-child(2)").css("color", "red");
    </script>
</body>
</html>

 

七、:nth-last-of-type() Selector

從後面數起,在每一組父子元素中,選出所指定元素的第n個。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.0.0.js"></script>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <p>aaa</p>
        <p>bbb</p>
        <span>ccc</span>
        <span>ddd</span>
    </div>

    <div>
        <p>aaa</p>
        <span>bbb</span>
        <span>ccc</span>
        <p>ddd</p>
    </div>

    <script>
        $("span:nth-last-of-type(2)").css("color", "red");
    </script>
</body>
</html>

 

八、:nth-of-type() Selector

從前面數起,在每一組父子元素中,選出所指定元素的第n個。

 

九、:only-child Selector

在每一組父子元素中,選出底下只有一個的子元素。

 

十、:only-of-type Selector

在每一組父子元素中,選出底下該形態只有一個的子元素。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.0.0.js"></script>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <p>aaa</p>
        <p>bbb</p>
        <span>ccc</span>
    </div>

    <div>
        <p>aaa</p>
        <span>bbb</span>
        <span>ccc</span>
        <p>ddd</p>
    </div>

    <script>
        $("span:only-of-type").css("color", "red");
    </script>
</body>
</html>